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Corning of Electric Lighting 221 were carried out, and on a clear night the warning light, owing to its elevation upon the lofty cliff, was clearly distinguishable from the galleries of the French lighthouses upon the opposite side of the Straits of Dover. Subsequently, owing to the success of this initial experiment, electric lighting was adopted at the old Dungeness lighthouse, while it was also put into operation at the Cape Heve light in France and at other places. The work of Professor Holmes and his contempor- aries may be said to represent the first practical era in electric lighting. While the electro-magnetic machine, as built by this investigator, was successful for isolated installations, it was impossible for the supply of current in bulk from central points or stations. The whole issue was changed by the invention of the dynamo, as we know it to-day, in 1866 and 1867, and especially by the contribution of the Belgian inventor, Z. T. Gramme, resident in Paris, in 1870. Contemporary investigators had attacked this pro- blem, but it remained for Gramme to make the most decisive forward step, because his invention brought the arc-light within the realms of commercial ex- ploitation, and, indeed, ushered in the modern electric lighting epoch. Nevertheless, a few years passed before the arc- light appeared upon the market. It was brought to the forefront again by Monsieur Jablochkoff, whose light became known as the “ Jablochkoff Candle." It appeared in 1876, and instantly attracted attention because of its extreme simplicity, which led to its extensive use. This candle comprised two sticks of