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Animated Pictures 331 possible to take a certain class of moving pictures with the Kodak even to-day with distinct success, although they cannot be easily adapted to projection because the dimensions of the negative exceed the gauge of the cinematograph film, with the result that if projection by the ordinary apparatus were desired, reduction of the positives to 1 inch wide by J inch deep would be necessary. Although this is not an insuperable task, it is one of complexity, while, of course, the item of expense has to be borne in mind. The “ kinetoscope,” however, failed to arouse the public. The fact that only one person at a time could witness the scenes portrayed was inimical to its success. Machines found their way to all parts of the world, but to a great extent they constituted merely sideshows in the " gaffs,” and worked upon the penny-in-the-slot principle. Another objection to the idea was the comparative dearth of pictures, the output of films being relatively small, and, as all were made in America, the invention somewhat languished. The novelty met with greater popularity in Britain than in any other country, because one enterprising British engineer possessed too much energy and initiative for the Americans. This engineer, Mr. Robert Paul, discovered that for some inexplicable reason or other Edison had failed to protect his invention in Great Britain. This was a startling surprise, and one which was quite unexpected, be- cause it enabled anyone who felt so disposed to make and to sell the kinetoscope. Mr. Robert Paul seized the opportunity, and in a short while built up a considerable business in all parts of the world.