History of the Typewriter
Forfatter: Geo. Carl Mares
År: 1909
Forlag: Guilbert Pitman
Sted: London
Sider: 318
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are quite limited in number. The code is arranged generally
with a view to burdening the memory as little as possible.
Expressions for words having the same root vary only as to
termination. For instance, “ receive ” is coded re, naturally
then, “ receiving ” is reg ; “ received ” is red and
“ reception ” is rcn. Thus also, starting with oj for
“ object,” we have ojd, ojg, ojn, ojv, ojl, for “ object-ed,
ing, -ion, -ive, -ionable.”
Nearly every letter in the alphabet is employed singly
as a code expression ; thus, / for “ of the,” g for “ from
the,” j for “ by which,” etc. The figure 4 means “ where ; ”
5 “ that the ” ; 7 “ that is ” and so on.
The Telescriptor. The telescriptor was invented
about 1896 by M. Hoffman, and is composed in principle
of a typewriter furnished with electric contacts under
each key, so that instantaneous currents can be sent into
a line when each is depressed. These currents actuate
a polarized electro-magnet which, in its turn, controls
the escapement of a clockwork arrangement. On the
axis of this clockwork are a brush that sweeps over a fixed
current-distributor with twenty-eight contacts and a type-
wheel. The latter is a disc on whose circumference are
engraved in relief the letters of the alphabet, the digits,
and various signs. It has, in all, fifty-six divisions, of
which four are for letter-spaces and four for figure-spaces.
A little paper band, for receiving the impression, passes
in front of the type-wheel, on a movable drum, which is
placed at the end of an oscillating lever under control
of a special electromagnet.
We cannot do more here than give the general principle
of the machine and indicate its applications. The
telescriptor can in the first place act like a simple type-
writer. Suppose two subscribers who have each a tele-
scriptor. The calling-operator first presses down the
two levers at the left above the keyboard of the machine ;
the other operator presses down only the first of the two
levers. The two machines begin to work at once by the
aid of the intermittent currents sent over the lines, and
the clock movements start. The operator touches the
keys exactly as if he were writing on a typewriter, and
at the same time a series of letters forming words are
impressed on the strips of paper that unroll both under
his own eyes and under those of the receiver of the message.
In the telescriptor the same letter cannot be printed over
itself ; a single letter is printed at each impression. Besides,