Steam:
Its Generation and Use

Test of a Babcock & Wilcox boiler, made at the Laboratory of Thos. A. Edison, Menlo Park, N. J., Jan., 1881, by Chas. L. Clarke, M. E. Anthracite coal, egg size. Duration of test in hours, .... 12 Average steam pressure, .... 85 Average temperature of feed, .... 195 Water evaporated in pounds, . . 28,181 Coal fired, “ .... 2,998 Per cent, of ash,.......................... I2-8 Combustible in pounds,..........................2,614 Grate-surface, square feet, .... 26-83 Coal burned per sq. foot of grate, per hour, lbs., 9-3 Water evaporated: Per lb. coal under actual conditions, lbs., 9.4 “ combustible “ “ “ 10.78 “ coal from and at 2120, “ 9-9 “ combustible “ “ 11.36 Rated horse-power,......................... 75 Horse-power developed, .... 83 Per cent, above rated capacity, . • • Io-6 Test of a Babcock & Wilcox boiler, made at the Electric Lighting Station of the Edison Co., 57 Holborn Viaduct, London, October, 1882, by T. A. Fleming, R. S. E., actual working con- ditions with light load. Welsh coal. Duration of test in hours,................ *3-5 Average steam pressure, .... 66.66 Average temperature of feed, .... 130 Water evaporated in pounds, . . . 34.800 Coal fired, “ .... 3,360 Per cent, of ash,......................... 7-5 Combustible in pounds, . . • • • 3,IOS Grate-surface square feet, .... 39.75 Coal burned per sq. foot of grate, per hour, lbs., 6.261 Water evaporated : Per lb. coal under actual conditions, lbs., i°-357 “ combustible “ “ “ 11.196 “ coal from and at 212°, “ u-527 “ combustible “ “ 12.46 Rated horse-power, 146 Horse-power developed, .... n9-9 Per cent, below rated capacity, ... 23.3 Test of a Babcock & Wilcox boiler, made at the Sugar Refinery of McEachran, Adam & Co., Greenock, Scotland, November, 1882. Scotch coal. Duration of test in hours,................... 4 Average steam pressure, .... 36 Average temperature of feed, .... ’S6 Water evaporated in pounds, . ■ ■ 10,426 Coal fired, “ “ .... M44 Per cent, of ash,................................ 7 Combustible in pounds,.............................. Grate-surface, square feet, .... 25 Coal burned per sq. foot of grate, per hour, lbs. , ’3-44 Water evaporated: Per lb. coal under actual conditions, lbs., i°-73 “ combustible “ “ “ IT-53 “ coal from and at 2120, “ xi.52 “ combustible “ “ 12.38 Rated horse-power,........................... 122 Horse-power developed, .... 129 Per cent, above rated capacity, ... 5-7 Test made at the Singer Mfg. Co.’s shops at Kilbowie, Scotland, May 26, 1884, by Frederic Leeders, superintending engineer. Coal used Anchinraith, bituminous. Duration of test in hours,................. 7 Average steam pressure, .... 65 Average temperature of feed, . , . . 141 Pounds of coal burned,....................... 2,072 Pounds of refuse, . . . . . . 375 Pounds of combustible,....................... r,697 Per cent, of ash,.......................... I^-1 Coal burned per sq. foot of grate, per hour, lbs., 18.2 Total water evaporated, in pounds, ■ • I7,5°° Water evaporated: Per lb. coal—actual conditions, lbs,, 8,445 “ “ from and at 212°, lbs., . 9-34° “ combustible, actual conditions, lbs., 10.312 “ combustible from and at 2120, . 11.404 Rated horse-power,......................... 51 Horse-power developed,..................... 89.9 Per cent, above rated capacity, ... Test of two Babcock & Wilcox boilers, made at Lehman Abraham & Co.’s New Orleans, La., June, 1884, by Frederic Cook, M. E. Coal used, Pittsburgh bituminous. Duration of test in hours, .... 11 Average steam pressure, .... 98 Average temperature of feed, deg. Fah., . 135 Pounds of coal burned,..................... 12,162 Pounds of refuse, ...... 664 Pounds of combustible,..................... ’MOS Per cent, of ash,.......................... 5-4 Coal burned per sq. foot of grate, per hour, lbs., 18.02 Water evaporated: Per sq. ft. heating surface, per hour, . 4-35 “ lb. coal—actual conditions, . 9,5°7 “ “ “ from and at 2120, . . 10.628 “ “ combustible, actual conditions, lbs., 11.056 “ “ combustible from and at 2120, 11.243 Rated horse-power........................., 208 Horse-power developed,..................... 379-2 Per cent, above rated capacity, . • • 82.3 Temperature in flue gases, .... 52° Test of two Babcock & Wilcox boilers, made at Rockland Paper Mills, Wilmington, Del., May 14 and 15, 1884, by Wm. Kent, M. E. Coal, Wm. Penn, Schuylkill, anthracite. Duration of test, hours,................... 24 Average steam pressure by gauge, . . 75-8 Average temperature of feed water, deg. Fah., 153.4 Pounds of coal burned, . . < . . ^5^97 Pounds of refuse,......................, ■ 2,101 Pounds of combustible........................ 13,096 Per cent, of ash,.......................... i3-2° Coal burned per sq. foot grate, per hour, lbs., 10.23 Total water evaporated,....................139,°59 Water evaporated: Per lb. coal—actual conditions, lbs., 8 737 “ “ from and at 2120, lbs., . 9-576 “ combustible, actual condition, lbs., 10.066 “ combustible, from and at 2120, . 11.626 Quality of steam, per cent, moisture, . . 0.61 Draft in inches of water, .... 0.16 Rated horse-power,......................... 240 Horse-power developed, .... 204.9 Per cent, below rated capacity, . . . 14.6 Temperature of flue gases, degrees Fah. . 336 89