398
MODERN GASWORKS PRACTICE
than give a general indication of the lines on which the rearrangement of the elements takes place. It is assumed that no less has takeu place and that no other products (e.g., furnace gases and air) have been introduced.
1 Ton of coal.
Consisting of:—
1,792 Ib. carbon.
Distributed as coke ........ 1,385 Ib.
„ as breeze ........ 107
„. in gas, as CO and CO, 30
„ in gas, as hydrocarbons 130 „
» in tar 122 „
as scurf, cyanide, etc. . . . . . . 18
123 Ib. hydrogen.
Distributed in gas and tar ...... . gg-5 „
„ as ammonia . . . . . . 1*0 „
„ as water ........ 18-5
„ in coke ....... 5
197 Ib. oxygen.
Distributed as CO, CO2 and combined in tar .... 49 „
„ as water ........ 148
34 Ib. nitrogen.
Distributed in gas (free) ....... 11-8
„ in coke 144
„ in tar (combined) . . . . . . 1'0 „
„ as ammonia ....... 5*8 „
„ as cyanogen (total HCN 4 Ib.) ■ . . . 1-3 „
18 Ib. sulphur.
Distributed as gaseous impurities and in liquor ... 6 „
„ in coke ........ 12
76 Ib. ask remaining in coke and breeze ..... 76 „
2,24° Ib. 2,240 ib.
The yield given, for water amounts to 166| 1b. (148 Ib. from oxygen and 18-5 from hydrogen), this being equivalent to about 16 gallons of virgin liquor. No allowance, however, has been made for the water which as steam is converbed into water gas. In the ordinary way, from 10 to 12 gallons of Condensed, water, or virgin liquor, are obtained, the remamder of the steam being decomposed in contact with the hot coke.
A comparison between the Chemical composition of the solid substance before and atter distillation, i.e.. the contrast between coal and coke, is shown as follows :—
Before Distillation. After Distillation.
> OAL. Coke.
80 per cent. carbon 88-0 per cent.
5-5 ' 99 hydrogen 0-2 99
8-8 99 oxygen traces to 3-0 „ (very variable)
1-5 99 nitrogen 2-0 99
0-8 99 sulphur 1-0 99