Modern Gasworks Practice

804 INDEX Earths in electric system, 353 Eocentric fastener for retort lids, 244 Edwards, A., 458 Efficiency of electrical plant, 346 of various gasmaking processes, 759, 760 of water gas plant, 745 Electrical plant in gas works, 342 breakdown of, 352 cables and wiring, 350 drive for, 343 dynamos, 345 earths in, 353 efficiency of, 346 failure of, 353 for driving exhausters, 484 protected, 348 shorts in, 353 size of, 345 switches, 349 Elevators (see under Conveyors), 28, 308 Elland vertioal retort system, 166 Emery, 208, 214 Ethane, calorific power of, 402 degradation of, 403 in coal gas, 413, 422 Ethyl sulphides in coal gas, 614 Ethylene, calorific power of, 402 degradation, of, 403 increase in volume from, 415 in coal gas, 413, 422 in oil gas, 732 Euchéne, 139 Evans, E. V611 Ewell fireclay, 196 Excavation, cost of, 48 Exhausters, calculation of capacity of, 492 cost of, 29, 477 electrical drive for, 484 functions of, 478 general points on, 19, 477 goveming, 485 Gwynne Beale, 480 impellers for, 498 lubrication of, 489 means of driving, 483 multiple blade, 480 power required for, 19, 491, 493 precautions with, 491 prior to oondensers, 500 Rateau, 497, 500 “ slip ” in, 19 speed of, 485 steam jet, 494 Sturtevant, 499 turbo, 496 types of, 479 Waller, 481, 498 water as a lubricant for, 419 Expanded metal, 49 Expenditure, Capital, on gasholders, 686 on gasworks, 15, 24, 35 on mains, 35 on purifiers, 29, 606 on retort benches, 105, 221 Explosions in retort benches, 132 Fahnehjelm complete gas plant, 764 Fearnsides, Prof., 199, 200 Feld ammonia proces s, 542 Felspar, 193 Ferguson Bell, 389, 419, 473 Ferric oxide in oxide of iron (see under Oxide of Iron), 571 Ferrous sulphate in purifiers, 578 “ Ferrox ” for purification, 573 Féry pyrometers, 237, 241 Fiddes-Aldridge discharging charger, 295 Firebricks (see under Refractory Materials) Fireclays (see under Refractory Materials), 196 Fisher-Fiddes tar extractor, 455 Flame radiation, 70 Fletcher, R. L., 226 Flow of gas through pipes, 792 Foster, 386 Foster pyrometer, 238 Foul main, expansion joints for, 275 functions of, 274 size of, 275 Foulis cyanide prooess, 554 Foundations, cost of, 48, 52 materials used for, 52 suitability of ground for, II, 40 various types of, 42 Free carbon, 419 Free spaee in retorts, 419 Friction, coefficient of, 337 Fuel bed, depth of, 65, 74, 715 economy of, 138 effect of steam in, 68 temperature of, 63, 65, 66, 423 Fulweiler, 215 Furnaces (see under Producers) Gadd, W., 654 Ganister fireclay, 197 Gas, Blau, 745 Capital cost of various plant, 15, 34, 105, 221, 606, 686 composition at various periods of the charge, 416 composition of, 417, 420 composition of mixed coal and water gas, 420, 421, 736, 738 condensation (see under Condensation) consumption per head of population, 12