The Principles of Scientific Management

76 THE PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT of this car we won’t get any money on pay-day.’ He turned to me and said, 'Who in-----------are you?’ ‘Well/ I said, 'that’s none of your business’; and the little devil stood up to me and said, ‘You’ll be minding your own business, or I’ll throw you off this car!’ ‘Well, I could have spit on him and drowned him, but the rest of the men put down their shovels and looked as if they were going to back him up; so I went round to Jimmy and said (so that the whole gang could hear it), 'Now, Jimmy, you and I will throw a shovelful whenever this little devil throws one, and not another shovelful.’ So we watched him, and only shoveled when he shoveled. — When pay-day came around, though, we had less money than we got here at Bethlehem. After that Jimmy and I went in to the boss, and asked him for a car to ourselves, the same as we got at Bethle- hem, but he told us to mind our own business. And when another pay-day came around we had less money than we got here at Bethlehem, so Jimmy and I got the gang together and brought them all back here to work again.” When working each man for himself, these men were able to earn higher wages at 3A cents a ton than they could earn when they were paid 4A cents a ton on gang work; and this again shows the great gain which results from working according to even the most elementary of scientific principles. But it also shows that in the application of the most elementary principles it is necessary for the manage- ment to do their share of the work in cooperating