Engineering Wonders of the World
Volume III

boilers aboard, 77 ; trial runs, 78 ; the Angara, 78. Building the Statue of Liberty, III., 250-256. Inception of the scheme, 250; the statue a gift from France to the United States, 250; principal dimensions of the statue, 251 ; how the model was prepared, 252; moulding the pieces, 252; the copper shell,. 253 ; internal stiffen- ing bars, 253; the supporting framework, 253; foundations for pedestal, 255 ; the pedestal, 256 ; erecting the statue, 255; weight, cost, etc., of statue, 256 ; inaugura- tion ceremony, 256. Buoys for submarine cables, III., 369,371. Burgoyne, Alan H., on “ The Armour of a Battleship,” I., 397 ; on “ The Armament of a Battleship,” I., 404 ; on “ The Development of Torpedo Craft,” I., 418; on “ Submarine Boats,” I., 427 ; on “ Torpedoes,” L, 433; on “How a Battleship is Fought,” I., 442 ; on “ The War- ship of the Future,” I., 453. Burne, E. Lancaster, on “ The Develop- ment of the Bridge,” I., 102 ; on “ The Electric Power-Stations of London,” III., 226. Bythell, John Kenworthy, I., 158. C CABLES, SUBMARINE (see “Early Atlantic Cables”): Cables, Submarine,TheConstruc- tion and Laying of, IIL, 357-376. Construction (see II., 283, 285, 365, 366, 369): conductors, 357 ; insulation of conductors, 358; gutta- percha covering machine, 358 ; mechanical protection, 359 ; armour, 359 ; manufacture, 359 ; rate of, 360; jointing and splicing, 360; testing, 360 ; types—“ shore end,” 360 ; “ intermediate,” 360 ; “ deep- sea ” main, 361. Cable laying : survey, preliminary submarine, 361 ; telegraph ships—Colonia, 362; Silver- town, 362; Faraday, 365 ; Iris, 365; Telconia, 365 ; shipment of cable, 365 ; stowage of cable aboard ship, 365 ; paying-out gear, 366 (see II., 285, 292, 294, 369) ; dynamometer gear, 367 ; holding-back gear, 368 ; picking-up gear, 368 (see II, 369) ; buoys and buoying, 369; pro- gramme for laying, 370; testing hut, 370; landing shore end, 371; splicing on main cable, 371 ; laying main cable, 373 ; attaching main cable to farther buoyed end, 374 ; testing of the cable, 375. Conclusion : world’s cable system, 375 ; statistics, 375 ; wireless telegraphy, 375. Cables, .suspension bridge: Brooklyn Bridge, II., 260, 261 ; Manhattan Bridge, II., 267-270; Transporter Bridge, I., 291, 294, 298, 299; Williamsburgh Bridge, II., 262, 264- 266. Cableways, various systems of, I., 128; Famatina cable way, see “ Ropeway in the Andes, a Wonderful Aerial.” Caissons, City Investing Building foun- dation, IL, 5 ; floating, to close lock entrances, II., 186 ; Forth Bridge pier foundations, pneumatic, I., 325- 328 * Kafué Bridge piers, II., 160 ; Rotherhithe Tunnel shaft, pneu- matic, I., 54-56 ; St. Louis Bridge pier, pneumatic, II., 167, 169; Thames Tunnel shaft, open brick, I., 183 ; Victoria Bridge, open timber, I., 207. “ Camels ” for raising sunken vessels, I., 43. Camp, railroad, life in, I., 260, 265, 273. Canadian Pacific Railway, The Con- struction of the, L, 257-286. Origin of the C.P.R., 257 ; con- structional difficulties to be faced, 257; political difficulties, 258; public tenders called for, contract granted to a syndicate, 258; terras of contract, 258; surveys begun, 258 ; Sandford Fleming crosses the Rockies and selects route, 259 ; a fresh start made, 260. Lake Su- perior section, 260; gauge and weight of rails for C.P.R., 260; camp regulations, 260 ; heavy rock work round Lake Superior, 261 ; filling in swamps, 261 ; high bridges, 261. The Prairie section : cut- tings to be avoided, 263; staff organization, 263; subdivision of work, 263, 264 ; marking out the route, 263; forming the dump, 264 ; troublesome “ muskegs,” 264 ; protection against snow in prairies, 265; camp life, 265; mortality among horses, 266 ; movable hotels, 266 ; laying the track, 267 ; station building, 267 ; work done fast but thoroughly, 268. The Mountain sections : in the Rockies, 270; Chinese labour, 270 ; labour prob- lems, 270; prospecting a route in the mountains, 270; Rogers dis- covers Rogers Pass, 271, 272; rail- roading in the mountains, 273; terrific obstacles, 273 ; a mountain construction camp, 273; trials of the navvy, 274 ; blasting rock, 274 ; accidents, 274, 275 ; a comic escape, 275 ; winter work, 275 ; tunnelling, 275 ; the “ Great Divide,” 276 ; heavy gradients, 277 ; stiff climb near Hector, 277 ; safety switches, 278 ; fresh location of track near Hector, 278; bridge work, 279 ; pile driving, 279; Stoney Creek bridge, 280; cold and dangerous work, 280 ; snow-sheds, 280, 281 ; the “ Loops,” 281 ; the rails meet, a dramatic scene, last spike driven, 283 ; what the C.P.R. has done for Canada, 284, 285 ; great hotels of the C.P.R., Empress Hotel, Victoria, 285. CANALS: Transportation : Albemarle and Chesapeake, III., 175 ; Bridgewater, I., 156 ; Chicago drainage, III., 172, 173; Florida (proposed), III., 175; Illinois and Michigan, III., 1.74; Lake Borgne, III., 174 ; Lynn, I., 23; Manchester Ship, I., 153-171, see “ Manchester Ship Canal; ” New Erie, IIL, 168, 169; Nile to Red Sea, L, 14; Old Erie, III., 163, 165, 167; Panama, IL, 129-149, see “ Panama Canal; ” Pennsylvania, III., 175; Sault Ste. Marie, III., 170, 171 ; Suez, I., 241-256, see “ Suez Canal; ” United States, see “ Transportation Canals of the United States.” Irrigation : Ibra- himiyeh, Egypt, II., 399; Indian— [ 388 ] Bari Doab, III., 240, 241 ; Chenab, III., 234-237, 239; Ganges, IIL, 241, 242 ; United States, IL, 87. Canals v. railways, III., 164. Cantilever, meaning of word, I., 322; bridges, I., 106; of Forth Bridge, I., 323, 334, 335. Cape to Cairo Railway, The, II., 150-162. Cecil Rhodes’s project, 150; road built in sections from Vryburg north- wards, 151 ; Bulawayo reached, 152 ; negotiation with th© Govern- ment for assistance, 152; unsuc- cessful negotiations with the German Emperor, 152; progress of the line, new route chosen north of Bulawayo, 153; the Zambesi bridged, 154; transport of material, 154, 155 ; an anecdote about Sir William Har- court, 156 ; stirring incidents, 156 ; encounters with lions, 156, 157 ; the native attitude, 157 ; the labour question, 158 ; traffic returns, 158 ; extension to Broken Hill, 159; Kafué Bridge, 160 ; future develop- ments, 160 ; a Belgian line into th© Congo Free State, 161 ; another line to Lake Tanganyika, 161 ; German projects, 161 ; table of distances, 162. Capitol at Washington, I., 9. Capped shells, I., 402. Car of transporter bridges, I., 289, 291, 297, 299. Carey Act, promoting irrigation in th© United States, II., 92. Carnac, monuments at, I., 6, 7, 8. Catskill Mountains, III., 103. Chagres River, II., 139. Chanute, Octave, III., 21. Charlotte Dundas, the, I., 314. Chat Moss, The Conquest of, I.» 368, 369. Chatham, the, in Suez Canal, I., 252. Cherbourg Digue, III., 70. Chicago underground freight subways, I., 359-367, see “ Underground Freight Subways of Chicago.” Chinese labour on Canadian Pacific Rail- way, I., 270 ; methods of well-sink- ing, II., 319. Churches, underpinning — Winchester Cathedral, III., 312; Holy Trinity, Hull, 315 ; St. Mary Woolnoth, 317. Clément-Bayard airship, III., 58, 59. Cleopatra’s Needle, The Story of, II., 22-28. Needle quarried at Assouan and taken to Heliopolis, 22; removed by Augustus to Alexandria, 23; acquired for Great Britain by Sir Ralph Abercromby, 23 ; plans for transportation, 24 ; obelisk encased in iron cylinder, 25; difficulties in launching, 25; the Cleopatra breached and repaired, 26 ; voyage to England commences, 26 ; Cleo- patra cast adrift in a storm, 27 ; lost, found, and brought into the Thames, 27 ; re-erection of the needle on the Thames Embank- ment, 28; list of objects placed inside pedestal, 28; other trans- portation feats of a similar nature, 28. Clerk, Dugald, invents double-acting gas engine, I., 217. Clermont, the, I., 314. Cleveland Bridge Company, I., 95. Clifton Suspension Bridge, L, 288.