Efficiency Methods
An Introduction to Scientific Management

EDUCATION 189 employers. They have to train their own workers ; that is a very definite part of their programme ; and they must have their own scheme of instruction, including capable teachers, in all the technical part of the work. The procedure for establishing and imparting standard methods has already been dwelt upon very fully. The first process is the transference of skill from experienced workers—not direct to a junior or apprentice, but to the manage- ment. The skill of all experienced workers avail- able is studied, criticized and improved by people who have become experts at that study. The skilled worker is not to hold back the secret of any manipulation or trick of his own ; he is to throw it into the common stock, and the result will be at the disposal of the management that has co-ordinated the whole. Then the management will organize the training of new workers, using the skilled man again if he shows himself a good demonstrator or teacher. And they expect him to have the spirit of the genuine teacher, to be eager that all his pupils should equal or surpass him in capability. His reward for all this is : (1) that he is paid extra while his work is being studied j (2) that he may receive something for specially useful or original contri- bution ; and (3) he will receive extra wages, and probably a bonus, for teaching. The very novelty of this programme is likely to cause the skilled workman, with his old traditions and habits, much distrust; but it will also stir up his old deep-seated objection to an unlimited number