Efficiency Methods
An Introduction to Scientific Management

CHAPTER III MODIFICATIONS IN ORGANIZA- TION DUE TÖ THE NEW IDEAS It has been said that the new sort of management means more managing and directing, and thereby enlarges the activities of the employés working in the office rather than in the factory or shop, though at the same time the relations of the office and the factory are somewhat changed. The arrangement of most departments in the office, and the routine work, may in many cases be much the same, except for the differences to be noted under standardiza- tion. But in certain features there will be vital changes in the work. The chief of these are, first, the creation of a separate department for “ plan- ning,” i.e., dealing with progress of work; second, the development of the work of the costs depart- ment by reason of its connection with the new one ; and, third, the modified nature of the work of foremen. A. The Planning Department It is not easy to indicate the nature of any typical planning department, because there is considerable variation in the practice of efficiency engineers in the matter, according to the type of industry. It 28