The Works Of Messrs. Schneider And Co.

CONTENTS PAGB L—INTRODUCTION. Creusot first mentioned in a.d. 1253, and sold by Henry de Monestoy to Hugues IV, Duke of Burgundy.—First efforts made by the Early Inhabitants to obtain Coal.—Company formed in 1872, under the direct patronage of Louis XVI.— Creusot employ William Wilkinson, and apply to James Watt to erect Steam Engines.—Glass Works established at Creusot in 1787.—Opening, in 1793, of Central Canal — The Creusot Company requisitioned by the Provisional Government for the Manufacture of Guns.—Manufacture of Guns continued under the First Empire.—Purchase of the Works in 1818, by Mr. Chagot.—Founding, in 1828, of the “ Société Anonyme des Usines, Forges et Fonderies du Creusot and de Charenton.”—The Works are re-purchased, in 1835, by Messrs. Coste frères, Jules Chagot, andothers.— In 1836, they are acquired by Mr. Eugène Schneider, in association with his brother, Mr. Adolphe Schneider.— Formation of the Company “Schneider frères et Cie.”—• Death of Mr. Adolphe Schneider.—The Name of the Company altered to its present title, “Schneider et Cie.”—Birth of Mr. Henri Schneider.—He becomes Sole Director at the death of his father.—Birth of Mr. Eugène Schneider, of the third generation.—Since the 17th May, 1898, he is the sole responsible chief of the whole concern. —Impulse given to Metallurgical Industries by Railway Construction and Steam Navigation.—Extension given to Creusot Works by Mr. E. Schneider, senior.—Construction of First Steam Hammer.—Help given by Creusot Works to the French Government during the Crimean War.—■ Changes brought about by the Treaties of Commerce of 1860.—How Creusot Works met* these Treaties of Commerce.—Introduction of Steel Industry in Creusot in 1867.—Oompletion of 100-Ton Steam Hammer.—Armour- plate Manufacture.—Trials of Armour-plates at Spezia.— “Duilio” and “Dandolo” Armour-plates ordered from Messrs. Schneider and Co.—Development of Gun Con- struction at Creusot.—Construction of Electric Works.— Extension of Armour-plate Shops.—Acquisition, in 1897, of the Ordnance Departments of the Société des Forges et Chantiers de la Méditerranée, at Havre.—The Ordnance Department placed under the direction of Mr. Canet.— Development of the Town of Creusot...........1 to 5 IL—THE SOCIAL ECONOMY OF CREUSOT. Extent and Capacity of Messrs. Schneiderand Co.’s Works.— Employés. — Amounts Paid in Subventions by Messrs. Schneider and Co. — Workmen’s Savings. — Workmen’s Dwellings. —Pensions. — Charitable Funds. —Schools.— Home for Old Men and Women.—Medical and Pharmaceu- tical Service.—The Creusot Hospital.—Nursing Sisters 6 to 11 III .—GENERAL CLASSIFICATION OF MESSRS. SCHNEIDER AND CO.’S WORKS. Division of the Works.—Mineral Section, Coal and Iron Mines.—Metallurgical Section.—Construction Department, Engineering Works, and Chalon Ship and Bridge-building Yard. — Offices. -— Bureaux. — General Plan of Creusot Works ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 11 to 13 PAGB IV .—COAL MINES. Creusot Coal Mines.—Decize Coal Mines.—Montchanin and Longpendu Coal Mines ................... ... 14 to 16 V .—IRON MINES. Mazenay, Cre'ot, and Change Iron Mines.—Allevai’d Iron Mines. —Limestone ... ... ... ... ... ... 17 and 18 VI .—THE PERREUIL BRICK WORKS. General Arrangement.—History.—Clay Mills.—Kilns.—Raw Material and Products.—Qualities of Products manu- factured ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 19 to 21 VII .—THE BLAST-FURNACE DEPARTMENT. General Arrangement.—Blast-Furnaces ; their Type, Method of Construction, Dimensions, and Duration.—Blowing Engines, Corliss, Horizontal ; Blast Cylinder, with Metallic Valves.—Dimensions of Engines.—Plant for Granulating Slag.—Gas-fired Tubulär Boilers.—Coke Ovens.—Present Type, and Varions Types which have been used at Creusot. —Coke Oven Boilers.-—Proteeting Covering of Steam Pipes ..................................... 22 to 30 VIII .—THE STEEL WORKS. General Arrangement.—Division of Steel Works in Groups ... 31 IX .—THE BESSEMER PLANT. HistoricaL-—The Basic Process.—Blowing Engines.—Basic Slag ... ...... ... ... ... ... 32 and 33 X .—THE SIEMENS-MARTIN PLANT. HistoricaL—List of Furnaces and Periodical Enlargement of Furnaces. — Method followed for Charging Furnaces.— Travelling Crânes.—Regenerators.—Casting Small Ingots. —Production of Gas.—Composition of Gas and Smoke.— Main Casting Pit.—Collecting Ladies.—65-Ton Ladle.— Method of Casting the Heaviest Ingots.—Dimensions of Ingot Moulds.—Liquid Steel Compressing Plant.—Com- pressed Steel Ingots.—Analyses of Compressed Steel Ingots.—Uses of Siemens-Martin Steel.—Rotary Puddling Furnaces ; their Description and their Output in Quantity and Quality ... ... ... ... ... ••• 34 to 4 XL—150-TON ELECTRIC TRAVELLING GRANE. Description.—The Main Girders.—The End Supporting Girders. —The Chain Track.—The Wheels carrying the Crane.— The Lifting Gear.—The Lowering Gear.—The Crane Traversing Gear.—The Chain Car Traversing Gear.—The Motors.—The Foot Bridges and Cabin for the Crane Attendant ... ... ... ... ... 45 tu 47 XII.—THE STEEL FOUNDRY. HistoricaL—Description of Present Plant.—Annealing of Steel Castings.—Composition, Tests, and Uses of Steel Castings. —Samples of Recent Steel Castings manufactured 48 to 51 b