History of Sanitation
Forfatter: J. J. Cosgrove
År: 1910
Forlag: Standard Sanitary Mfg. Co
Sted: Pittsburgh U.S.A
Sider: 124
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16
HISTORY OF SANITATION
day are monuments of proportion and beauty of design that
are studied by all students of architecture and engineering.
It is quite probable that Greece supplied the first engineers
that constructed aqueducts in Carthage and Rome. The
similarity in design of these various works points forcibly
to the conclusion that they were all designed by disciples of
one school.
Whether the first aqueducts were built in Carthage or
in Rome is a matter of some uncertainty, although the
fact that an aqueduct supplied Carthage with water at the
time it was destroyed by the Romans would point to the
Carthagenian aqueduct as the prior. The first Roman
aqueduct was built in the year 312 b. c., and the city of
Carthage, which, after a protracted struggle of 118 years,
from 265 b. c. to 147 b. c., was finally conquered and
destroyed by the Romans, was at that time supplied with
water from distant springs through an aqueduct.
It is quite probable that Carthage was supplied with
water from two different sources. The cisterns already-
mentioned provided a supply of rain water for industrial
and most domestic uses, while the aqueduct, the channel
of which had a cross-section of 10 inches square, brought
drinking water from springs in the Zaghorn Mountains,
some 60 kilometers distant. The aqueduct contoured the
hillside for a considerable distance, at times went under
ground, and on approaching the city was carried on
arches of magnitude seemingly out of proportion to the
size of the channel. At present it is suffering the fate of
most ancient ruins. It is used as a quarry from which
stones are taken to construct buildings in nearby towns
and villages.
While the ruins of aqueducts and tunnels at Jerusalem,
Athens and Carthage give some idea of the skill and
knowledge of hydraulic and sanitary matters possessed by
the engineers of that period, we must turn to Rome and
study their system of water supply, drains for sewage and
the ruins of their magnificent baths to form a true concep-
tion of the skill of the early school of Roman engineers