History of Sanitation

82 HISTORY OF SANITATION Portsmouth, N. H., used bored pine logs for mains from 1798 to 1896, when they were replaced with larger Valve for Wooden Pipes Used in the Philadelphia Water Supply pipes. When dug up, the logs were entirely sound and good for many years’ service. A few data regarding the use of wooden pipes might not be without interest, while at the same time pointing out the approximate dates when waterworks were constructed in several cities. Log pipes laid in Victoria, B. C., in 1862 and taken out in 1900 were quite free from decay but badly checked. Constantinople still receives part of its sup- ply through wood pipe. London had 400 miles of wood pipe in use for 218 years, from 1589 to 1807. When taken up it was found to be quite sound. Boston used one system of wood pipes from 1652 to 1796, then replaced it with another one which lasted until 1848. Denver, Colorado, has nearly 100 miles of stave pipe conduit and mains in use. All the water brought to Denver for domestic use passes through wooden pipe 37 inches in diameter, Hywoodenfor which conducts it from Cherry Creek, which is PimStheSed about 8 miles from center of city. WaterSSp- The hydrants and valves used in connection ply with wood pipes in Philadelphia were made of metal, and it is presumed that the valves and hydrants used in other cities were likewise made of metal.