Kallundborg Kirke

vanskeliggjort i en ikke ringe Grad. Som Kirken nu fremtræd der, særligt for det Indres Vedkommende, er den gennemført i sin oprindelige Skikkelse ved en Restaurering i Aarene 1917 —21 under Ledelse af Arkitekt A. Clemmensen med Arkitekt Mogens Clemmensen som Medarbejder. Paa Grundlag af mes get indgaaende Undersøgelser er det lykkedes at fremdrage og genfremstille alle de Enkeltheder, som man ved den forrige Restaurering havde overset eller misforstaaet, og som man nu havde større Forudsætninger og Erfaringer for at kunne for* staa end for 50 Aar siden, da Kendskabet til vore romanske Teglstenskirker var meget begrænset. Den efterfølgende Redegørelse for Bygningen er et Resultat af alle de Iagttagelser, der er gjort under den sidste Restaure* ring, samt dè Studier over dens Arkitektur, som til forskellige Tider er blevne publicerede \ De paa Pl. I—IX gengivne Op* maalingstegninger fremstiller Kirken i dens nuværende Skik* kelse og er dels tegnede af Arkitekt Mogens Clemmensen (Pl. V, VI og VII), dels af Arkitekt Frederik Jensen. duced was so misleading that later thorough investigations have been rendered extremely difficult. As the church appears now, and this is especially true of its interior, it resembles the original form, due to a restoration made in 1917—21 under the leadership of the architect, Mr. A. Clemmensen, with the archi* tect,Mr. Mogens Clemmensen as assistent. Very careful studies have made it possible to bring to light and reproduce all the details which had been misunderstood or overlooked during the previous restoration and which are better understood and appreciated to*day than fifty years ago, when knowledge of Danish Romanesque brick churches was very limited. 1 he following description of the building is a result of all the observations made during this last restoration, as well as of the studies on the architecture of Kallundborg Church, which have been published from time to time \ The drawings given in Plates I—IX show the church in its present form, and were drawn by Mr. Mogens Clemmensen (Plates V, VI and VII), and some by the architect, Mr. Frederik Jensen. Kirken bestaar af et kvadratisk Centralparti over hvilket et kvadratisk Taarn hæver sig højt, baaret af fire Granitsøjler, samt fire smallere Korsarme mod Øst, Vest, Nord og Syd - den østre danner Koret — og alle endende i et lidt bredere polygonalt Parti, hvorover der rejser sig et ottekantet Taarn. Planen udgør saaledes et ligearmet »græsk« Kors. De fire otte* kantede Taarne, der slutter Kreds omkring det høje Midttaarn, giver Kirken dens enestaaende borgagtige Udseende og virk* ningsfulde Silhuet, som allerede fra Middelalderen har været ■II■«■■■ .«1111111*» «■■■■■■■■■■ ■■IIÎ■■■■■■< benyttet som Byen Kallundborgs Vaabenmærke (se Titelbladet). Murene er opført af røde Tegl* sten (»Munkesten«) paa en Gra* nitsokkel; Granit er ligeledes be* nyttet til Portalernes Karme og Tympana samt til de fire store Søjler, der bærer Midttaarnet. Fundamenterne bestaar af store Fig. 7. Sokkel. — Socle. Kampesten uden Bindemiddel og gaar kun til en Dybde af 30—70 cm under Jordoverfladen og er lagt paa den faste Bund, der bestaar af stiv Ler. Fundamenterne er paa Oversiden udjævnet med Kalkmørtel, og herpaa er den tilhugne Granitsokkel med svagt hulet Skraakant sat som ydre Beklædning paa Murvær* ket; over dette Sokkelskifte, der er ca. 40 cm højt, og hvis Kvadre gennemgaaende er lange, indtil 2,5 m, ligger et enkelt Skifte af Munkesten og over dette et 13 cm tykt Profilbaand af Granit (Fig.7). Murene er udelukkende af Munkesten, liggende i Skifter gennem hele Murtykkelsen uden nogen indre Kærne af Kampesten, hvilket sikkert er Skyld i, at Kirken, trods dens dristige Konstruktion og den Mishandling den har været udsat for, har staaet sig saa godt gennem de 750 Aar, som er for* løbne siden dens Opførelse. Murstenenes Størrelser varierer meget i de forskellige Dele af Bygningen; de største (i vestre Korsarm) maaler indtil 34 X 15 X 9%—10 cm, de mindste The church consists of a square central section, above which a square tower rises aloft, borne by four granite co= lumns, and four narrower transepts,—toward the east, west, north and south,—the eastern one forming the choir,—and each terminating in a slightly wider polygonal section, above which rises an octagonal tower. The plan thus forms a»Greek« cross, with equal arms. The four octagonal towers, encircling the high central tower, give the church its unique castle*like and effective outline, which, as far back as the Middle Ages, appeared in the coat*of*arms of the city of Kallundborg (see the title page). The walls are built of red brick (»monk*bricks«), on a gra* nite socle. Granite has also been used in the casements of the entrances and the tympana, as well as for the four great columns bearing the central tower. The foundations are of large hard stones set together without cementing medium, and lie only 30—70 cm beneath the surface. They are placed directly on the ground which consists of stiff clay. On the top the foundations are levelled off with lime*mortar, and on this rests the hewn granite socle with its slightly concave bevel as an outer covering of the walls. Above this socle di* vision which is about 40 cm high and whose surfaces, as a rule, are long, up to 2.5 mètres,—is placed a single layer of bricks and above this a 13 cm broad profile strip of granite (fig. 7). The walls are wholly of bricks, lying in courses throughout the entire thickness, and without an inner core of stone. This is probably why the church, in spite of its bold construction, and the treatment to which it has been sub* mitted, has survived so well the 750 years which have elapsed since it was built. The sizes of the monk bricks vary greatly in the various parts of the building; the largest (in the west transept) measure up to 34 X 15 X9U—10 cm, the smallest 25—26 X 13 X 8—814 cm. The majority, however, measure 28 —30 X 13—14 X8(4 cm, which is the average size of the bricks in Danish Romanesque brick churches. At all the cor*