Engineering Wonders of the World
Volume III

Clifton Bridge, III., 283; Williams- burgh Bridge, II., 264; Zambesi Bridge, L, 97. Ancient Engineering, I., 5-20. The engineer a great historian, 5 ; Stonehenge, 6; the stone “ lines ” of Carnac in Brittany, 7 ; colossal Egyptian statues, 8; Great Pyramid of Cheops, 9; great stones of Baalbec, their wonderful finish, 10 ; how did the ancients move great masses of stone ? 11; a suggestion, 13 ; Herodotus on the building of the Pyramids, 14 ; was an inclined plane~used for the Pyramids? 14; useful engineering feats, 14 ; Roman sewers, 16 ; Roman aqueducts, astonishing figures, 16, 17 ; Roman hydraulic science, 17 ; Roman roads, 18 ; Hezekiah’s tunnel, 19 ; great Roman tunnels, 19 ; tools of the ancients, 20 ; a Roman metal screw, 20 ; conclusion, 20. Ancient tools, I., 19, 20. Ancients, how they moved great weights, I.» 11, 13, 14. Anderson, James, designs a Forth Bridge, I., 322. Angara river, I., 69. Angara train ferry, L, 78. Antoinette monoplane, III., 27. Appold, J. G., inventor of the self- releasing brake, II., 291. AQUEDUCTS: Barton Swing, over Manchester Ship Canal, I., 163,165; British, see “ Great British Dams and Aque- ducts,” III., 177-192; Catskill, TIL, 107-111; Derwent, III., 192; Elan- Birmingham, III., 189,191; Glasgow, III., 179 ; Kinlochleven, III., 275 ; Modern, principles of, III., 179 ; New Croton, II., 105 ; III., 99, 100 ; Old Croton, III., 98, 99; Roman, L, 16- 18; IIL, 177; Solani, III., 242; Thirlmere-Manchester, III., 183-189; Vyrnwy-Liverpool, III., 180, 181, . 182, 184. Arch, St. Louis Bridge, II., 170. Arch Bridges at Niagara Falls, The, III., 278-287. List of bridges built across Niagara gorge, 278 ; need for re- placing the Grand Trunk Railway Bridge, 279 ; a steel arch bridge designed, 279: abutments and skewbacks, 279 ; anchorages, 281 ; adjustment toggles, 281 ; travellers for handling material, 282 ; bridge tested, 282. Niagara Falls and Clifton Bridge, 282; its huge arch span, 282; details of bridge, 283 ; clauses in contract specifica- tion, 283 ; difficulties to bo over- come, 283 ; method of erecting the arch, 283 ; anchorages and anchor- age bars, 283 ; foundations built, cantilevers commenced, 284 ; hand- ling material, 284 ; interference of new arch with old bridge, 285; climatic obstacles, 285; quick con- struction, 287 ; an ice jam and its results, 287. Arkansas river, II., 90. Armament of a Battleship, The, I., 404-417. Main armament, 404, 407-412; secondary armament, 405, 413, 414 ; tertiary armament, 415; wire- wound guns, 408; breech-block action, 408 ; absorption of recoil, Barlow, P. W., projector of “ omnibus ** tunnels, L, 227. Barmen=Elberfeld Railway, The, II., 125-128. Locality of the railway, 125 ; the track, 125 ; track girders, 126 ; how the carriages are supported, 126; electric current supply to motors, 127 ; rolling stock, 127 ; cost of construction, 127; curves, speed, and traffic, 128. Bartholdi, Auguste, designer of the statue of Liberty, III., 250, 252. Barton swing aqueduct over the Man- chester Ship Canal, I., 166. Bateman, J. F. Latrobe, III., 189. Battleships, I., 385-390 ; see “ Arma- ment of a Battleship,” “ Armour of a Battleship,” “ How a Battleship is fought.” Bazalgette, Sir Joseph, draws up plans for draining London, III., 211, 212. Beam, continuous, I., 103. Bears in railway camp, I., 26, 27. Bedplates of Forth Bridge towers, I., 329, 330. Beirut, I., 341. Bell Rock lighthouse, I., 372, 373. Bending moment of a beam, I., 103. Bergen - Kristiania Railway, The Construction of the, III-, 347- 356. The route of the railway, 347 ; its elevation compared with that of other railways, 348 ; early history, 348 ; mountain section surveyed, 349 ; building transport roads, 351 ; roads completed, 351 ; materials for track brought into mountains, 351 ; climatic obstacles, 352 ; winter work in the tunnels, 352 ; clearing away the snow, 353 ; high wages and' isolation, 353; the Gravehals tunnel, 355; Italian miners im- ported, 355 ; hard times at Myrdal, 355 ; snow blockades, 355 ; tunnel completed, 355 ; snow-ploughs and snow-screens, 356; a railway for tourists, 356.. Bessemer process of steelmaking, III., 264. Bishop Éock lighthouses, I., 377-384. Blanchard, C. J., on “Irrigation in the United States,” II., 81-102. , Blast furnace, as gas producer, I., 219; its principle, III., 261. Blast furnace gas, used to heat stoves and raise steam, I., 219 ; first use for gas engines, 219 ; methods of cleaning, 220, 221 ; vast power ; available from, 224 ; diagram show- \ ing blast furnace and gas engine in series, 225. Blasting, cliffs at Fishguard Bay, I., 174, , 175, 176 ; rock on Canadian Pacific Railway, I., 275; snow on Bergen- Kristiania Railway, III., 352; wreck in Suez Canal, I., 252. Bleichert, Adolph, and Co., I., 121. Blériot, Louis, III., 11 ; his monoplane, , III., 25. r “ Block coefficient,” in shipbuilding, I., 352. 5 Block system, for working Suez Canal, 3 I., 253; see “ Signalling, Rail- , way.” “ Blow-outs ” from subaqueous tunnel works, I., 308 ; II., 120. s Boilers: Babcock and Wilcox, IL, 32;. Baikal’s, I., 77 ; Belleville, II-, 32 ; locomotive, see “ Locomotives of To-day ; ” Mauretania’s, II., 39 409 ; gun mountings, 409 ; erosion J and wash, 410 ; firing a gun, 410 ; turrets and barbettes, 411 ; am- 1 munition hoists, 411 ; a colossal gun, 413; 6-inch gun mountings, 414 ; anti-torpedo craft armament, 415 ; disposition of armament, 416 ; various systems, 416, 417. Armour of a Battleship, The, I., 397-403. Early armour, 397; the Warrior, first British ironclad, 399; com- pound armour, 399; Harvey and Krupp processes, 399; manufac- ture of steel, 399, 401 ; how armour is supported or backed, 401 ; fix- ing armour to backing, 401 ; ar- moured decks, 402 ; capped shells and their penetrative power, 402; “ Era ” steel and reinforced concrete armour, 403. Armoured decks, I., 402. Amodin, F., I., 289, 291. Artesian Wells, and How They are Bored, III., 335-346. Ancient wells, 335; artesian wells, 335; rainfall, subterranean streams, and springs, 336; dug ■wells, their defects, 336; lining artesian wells, 337 ; boring tools— chisels, ropes, and rods, 337 ; the diamond drill, 338 ; the calyx drill, 338 ; the shot drill, its principle, 339; detaching cores, 339; re- trieving broken rods, 340 ; blasting, 341 ; rescuing and cutting pipes, 342 ; a curious case of flints cutting tools, 342; American wells, 343 ; a great artesian area in the United States, 343 ; power from wells, 343 ; Australian wells, 344; sinking a well, 344 ; the air-lift, its principle, 345 ; disadvantages and advantages of the air-lift, 346. Artesian Wells of Australia, The, II., 312-320. An Australian drought, 312 ; first artesian bore in Australia, 312; what an “ artesian basin ” is, 313 ; a vast artesian basin in Australia, 313, 314, 315; hot wells, 317; Chinese methods of well - sinking, 319 ; the modem system, 319, 320 ; facts and figures about the wells, 320 ; financial success of well-sink- ing, 320. Asphalt deposits, Trinidad pitch, lake, II., 325. Assiout barrage, II., 399, 401-404. Assisted shield method, of tunnelling through water-logged ground, I., 306, 307. Assouan quarries, I., 8 ; II., 393. Automatic ore tips, III., 262; stokers, 230. B Baalbec, great stones of, I., 10, Il- Baikal, Lake, III., 89. Baikal, train ferry, I., 65-79; IIL, 90; see “ Building of the Train-Ferry Baikal." Baker, Sir Benjamin, designer of the Forth Bridge, L, 322; evolves scheme for raising Assouan dam, II., 407. Balayeur, the, I., 247. Balloons, dirigible, III., 45-63; see “ Aeronautics,” Dirigible Balloons. Barbettes, I., 401. Barking outfall works, III., 215.