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92
THE SUBMARINE TORPEDO BOAT
They are only portable affairs however and must be built
so as to be quickly stowed when getting ready to submerge.
This is accomplished in some cases by hinging down and
fastening to the conning tower fair-water, and by storing
the stanchions and rails in recesses provided in the fair-
water for this purpose.
The conning tower too has been greatly improved of
late. From a mere protrusion outside of the hull large
enough for a man to squeeze into it has been increased to
a good sized chamber fitted with a steering station and all
interior communications and signals.
Steering stations are provided in the central control
compartment within the hull, in the conning tower, and
connections for a portable one on top of the conning
tower. In addition to the gyroscope master compass,
standard repeating compasses are fitted to each steer-
ing station. The steering gear should comprise both
power and hand gear, and should be designed so that
when worked by power the hand gear will always be in
operation and ready for instant use. Mechanical rud-
der indicators should also be fitted at each station so
that the helmsman may see at any instant the exact posi-
tion of the rudder.
Too much stress cannot be laid upon the tactical per-
formance of the vessel, for upon this feature will depend
greatly the effectiveness of the ship to get into a position
to attack and even more so will it depend upon this quality
for its own safety from attack by a destroyer. Hampered
by the lack of speed it must be able to out-maneuver any
adversary, and in case of an attacking destroyer be able
to play tag well enough to enable the submarine to launch
a torpedo at her. The tactical diameter should not exceed