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108 THE SUBMARINE TORPEDO BOAT
this use, and suitable storage space provided for them in
a convenient location.
Efficient ventilation must be provided for the battery
tanks so as to prevent an accumulation of any explosive
gases. This system must be separate from the ventilation
system of the living spaces. An explosive gas detecting
device should be installed in these places and in the engine
room and so situated as to be easily inspected. The in-
terior of the boat should be divided into a number of water-
tight compartments, thus localizing any accidents which
might happen. The division of the boat by bulkheads
will also aid in the ventilation and give greater comfort
to the crew when on long voyages by shutting out from the
living quarters the sickening fumes of the oil engine.
The early boats were not so divided but it is common
practice to do so now.
A big additional factor of safety is added by fitting drop
keels. These are cast iron keels filled with lead, attached
to the keel of the vessel. By the simple throwing of a
lever they are arranged so as to be instantly released and
thereby casting off some five or ten tons dead weight, which
should under almost any conditions bring the vessel to
the top at once.
A position marker buoy should be attached to the super-
structure in a manner that it can be released instantly
necessity arises. It is attached to the ship by a long line
normally wound on a reel which unwinds as the buoy floats
to the surface. In this way if anything happens to the
vessel so that she is unable to come to the surface her
position is shown by the buoy. The buoy should also
contain telephone connection with the boat so that com-
munication may be had with the surface. It is an added