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128
THE SUBMARINE TORPEDO BOAT
has at the three hour rate of discharge of but from i.i to
1.2 volts per cell. This would mean then that with the
Edison battery the number of cells would have to be
increased about sixty per cent, to get the same voltage,
over the lead battery and would require considerably
more floor space.
The weight of the Edison battery is also much higher
than that of the lead battery, and this is an all important
factor. In view of this fact then, and that the Edison
battery is less than 72 per cent as efficient as the lead
battery, it would seem that to install new equipment that
requires more weight and space than that which is already
installed, and which therefore must necessarily detract
from the efficiency of other factors now obtained, would
be far removed from the ideals that we are trying to gain
in submarine development, because it would in this case
be making a sacrifice of other factors without bettering
the condition or increasing the efficiency of the factor for
which all these sacrifices are made.
The cost of the Edison battery is much more than the
lead battery but on this score the life of the Edison bat-
tery greatly exceeds that of the other, so the price may
be conceded to be in favor of the Edison if anything.
The present reversion to the steam engine as a means
for surface propulsion is brought about by the inherent
difficulties found in the heavy oil engine of large powers
and because now the steam engine has reached a state of
efficiency and reliability found in no other form of prime
mover.
As far as economy is concerned, by combining the use
of high pressure steam with a high degree of superheat
and using high mean referred pressure, it is quite pos-