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CHAPTER XII
LIST OF ACCIDENTS
During the development of the submarine boat there
have occurred from time to time a number of serious acci-
dents in which the submarine has taken its toll of human
life just as have most other new scientific developments.
The greater number of these casualties took place in
the early years of experimentation and were due for the
most part to faulty design and indeed to the lack of engi-
neering knowledge on the part of those concerned. When
it is remembered that men from almost every walk of life,
doctors, farmers, shoemakers, and even priests, have at
one time or another been seized with the idea that they
alone have conceived the acme of submarine invention,
it is to be wondered at that there were not even more
fatalities.
Since the period of systematic and sane development
began, when it was taken up by practical engineers and
naval men, there have been relatively very few serious
accidents. I he accidents which have occurred since that
time have been more or less unavoidable in character and
have been due to many different causes.
Following is a list of the more serious accidents which
have befallen submarines in the service of the navies of
the world.
1864. Confederate submarine Hunley. Operated by steam engines
and unable to submerge, was swamped at 4 different times by
seas entering open hatch and crews lost. Was raised after each
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