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42
THE SUBMARINE TORPEDO BOAT
heel is taken. Then with G.M. less than in the ship form
of hull type but with B.G. which in the circular hull corre-
sponds to G.M. positive, the rolling period is lengthened
and a peculiar steadiness takes place. This is evidenced
when in a heavy sea by an almost entire lack of rolling and
by a peculiar flanking motion which seems to shift the
ship bodily to one side.
It would seem then, that although the ship form of hull
does have a greater metacentric height then upon the sur-
face, as far as sea-worthiness is concerned it would be a
matter of personal taste whether one preferred the heavy
rolling of the one or the steadiness of the other accom-
panied by the peculiar lateral shift.
It might be of interest here to state that the G class of
boats of our Navy, which are of the submersible type, have
been known to roll as much as 76 degrees on each beam
when in a heavy sea. Nothing like this has ever been
experienced in a submarine proper of circular cross section.
While the G-1,-2, and-3, strictly speaking, have hulls
of circular cross section, the extra large watertight super-
structures with which these boats are fitted give them to
a marked degree the same characteristics and cause them
to behave practically in the same manner as the strictly
ship-shaped hull type of boat. In all fairness to this
class of boats, however, it must be stated that the particu-
lar case cited above took place in a very heavy storm.
The vessel while rolling heavily shipped water in her water-
tight superstructure accidentally, which occasioned the
extreme angle she took.
The stability submerged is quite a different matter. In
this condition the position of the center of buoyancy of
the single hull construction is raised and the center of