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TYPES OF SUBMARINES
51
diving type is therefore more apparent than real, for it is
highly probable that with this broad plane presented to
the thrust of the water to aid in overcoming the upward
moment of the reserve buoyancy, and, with the smaller
stability lever arm inherent in the submersible, the hazard
of loss of control is almost as great as it is in the diving
boat, unless the submergence of the “even keel” boat be
kept within certain small limits of inclination and speed.
Neither of these types however, will ever lend themselves
to a greatly increased speed under water over that now
attained, without the possibility of utter loss of control,
attended with more or less dire results.
The opposing factors and forces and the attending re-
sults may be more clearly understood by referring to the
diagrams in Figures 2 and 3.
In Figure 2 is shown diagrammatically the hull of a div-
ing boat in a position to change trim and with the angle of
inclination of six degrees by the head. The forces present
and at work are: the reserve buoyancy B, acting upwards;
the vertical moment W, of the weight of the vessel acting