Submarine Appliances And Their Uses
Deep Sea Diving, &c., &c.

that you are coming- up, and then ask to be hauled up (two bells). If there is a tele- phone, ask the attendant to keep your pipe and breast rope close in to the shot rope. As they haul you up, you will most likely meet the shot rope, when you can signal Hold on ” and “Lower,” and gx) back to your work. Getting Fouled.—If you find that you are fouled, think the matter over, and try to remember how you got fouled before you start dipping" your pipe, etc. Clear yourself without hurry ; violent exertion will daze you, and make things worse. The distance-line is a safe guide, and will generally show the way out of the tangle. Don’t let it gx) if you can help it. If signals can be g"ot through, it is usually well to get the attendant to take up the slack of the air pipe and breast rope. If you start pant- ing, take a rest. Muddy Bottom.—If on a muddy bottom, don’t flounder about and stir up the silt , a cloud of mud will prevent you from seeing- anything-. For the same reason, Keep the lee-side of your work if there is any current. If the bottom is very soft, spread yourself out over it ; don t try to stand. Make yourself light by keeping plenty of air in the dress. Rocky Bottom.—On a rocky bottom be careful not to fall off a ledge of rock into deeper water, nor to get your arm or leg into a crevice. If the rocks are sharp, wear gloves to protect your hands. Moorings. When working about mooring's, be especially careful not to get foul. Don t dip under chains, etc., without having your distance-line to show you the way back. Old moorings are often covered with sharp barnacles, and it is wise to wear gloves to protect the hands. If wearing india-rubber gloves make sure that you can work the valve with them on before going down. An old pair of leather gloves may be found more useful in work of this sort. I ide.—Remember that there may be much less tide on the bottom than at the sur face ; therefore it is generally worth while making- an attempt at diving even though the tide may seem very strong. When going up or down the shot rope in a tideway keep your back to the tide so that you are pressed up to the rope and not away from it; by watching which way the tide tends to swing you round, and pushing the shot rope over to one side so as to check the movement, it is not difficult to maintain this posi- tion. In stiong tides it may be impossible to cling' on to the shot rope, much less to climb up it if you keep on the wrong side. Generally the best plan is to ask the atten- dants to pull you up if you find it difficult to ascend. On the bottom, hang on to the distance line at all costs, crouch close to the ground so as to offer as little surface as possible. Of course, the smaller and heavier the object the less effect will the tide have upon it ; therefore the valve should be kept as wide open as reasonable comfort in breathing- will allow. When searching-, if you can- 54