Kallundborg Kirke

Fig. 22. Kuppelhvælving. — Barrehvaulting. formede Baser ved hver af Buerne ind til Korsarmene; disse Baser var før sidste Restaurering alle stærkt forhuggede og ødelagte, kun den vestre ved søndre Bue var helt bevaret un* der tykke Cementlag og manglede kun den øverste Rundstav, der var afhugget men kendelig i Pilastermurværket. Imidlertid viste de i Murværket bevarede Profiler, Murforbandtet og de under Gulvet bevarede Skifter og Spor, hvorledes hver en* kelt Base oprindelig har været, saaledes at det har været mu* ligt at rekonstruere dem. De søndre Halvsøjle*Baser, hvoraf den vestre altsaa er urørt (Pl. VII og Fig. 23), er kubeformede med to flade, fremsprin* gende Baand foroven under Profilbaandene, der bestaar af to Rundstave med en mellemliggende Hulkehl; Profilbaandene fortsættes omkring Pilasteren, Falsene og Pilasteren inde i Korsarmen. Denne Baseform er mærkelig og hører ikke hjem* me i den Stenarkitektur, der er Forudsætningerne for Ar* kitekturen i Kallundborg Kirke; derimod er det en almindelig Baseform i den nordiske Træarkitektur og findes ganske til* svarende i de norske Stavkirker (Fig. 24)22. Der kan saaledes ikke være Tvivl om, at vi her staar overfor en i Sten overført Efterligning af en Enkelthed fra samtidig dansk Træarkitek' tur; et Forhold, som ogsaa har gjort sig gældende ved andre romanske Bygninger her i Landet. Det bør ved denne Lejlig* Fig. 23. Søndre Halvsøjlebase. — Base of southern half-column. near the half*columnar pilasters first begin high above the ground (Pl. VI and VII).—The transepts have barrel*vaultings nearest the nave and a squared dome in the towers; the vaultings are one brick thick and consist of two layers of stretchers (Fig. 22). The half*columnar pilasters on either side of the openings toward the transepts are of brick like the other masonry. The half*columns rest on projecting pilasters and have bases of various forms at each of the arches leading to the transepts. Prior to the last restoration these bases were hewn up and destroyed; only the one on the west side of the south arch was preserved under a thick layer of cement. It lacked indeed the upper astragal, but of this traces were found in the bricks of the pilaster. Moreover the profiles preserved in the ma* sonry, the band and courses under the floor, gave clues to the original appearance of each separate base and made a cor* rect restoration possible. The bases of the half*columns on the south, of which the one toward the west is intact (Pl. VII and Fig. 23), are cu* bical in form with two flat projecting bands on the top beneath the bands of the profile which consists of two astra* gals with an interjacant fluting. The profile bands are con* tinued about the pilaster, the grooves and the pilasters into the transept. This form of base is unusual and does not bc* long to the type of stone architecture on which Kallund* borg Church is built. On the other hand it is the usual fun* damental form for Norse wooden architecture and is found duplicated in the Norwegian»Stave*churches« (Fig.24)22. There is no doubt, then, but that we are here brought face to face with a stone copy of a detail taken from contemporary Danish wooden architecture, a relation observed in other Romanesque buildings here in Denmark. At this point note should be made that the central section of Kallundborg Church not only shows a certain relationship to the architecture of the south but at many points resembles the mode of construction of a stave church. The four columns, all the semi*columns, even the small corner pilasters in the outer corner of the central section, might all have been made of wood in a way both natural and constructive for a wooden building “. The bases of the semi*columns on the north have a similar form (Pl. VI and Fig. 25). The base itself is profiled with three oblique phases, and the profile bands above also consist of two astragals, but in this case with a sharply projecting pro* file between, found, however only on the columns, not on the pilasters and flutings where this joint is smooth. This unusual form is presumably derived from wooden architecture and is merely a variation of the form of the south base. The bases on the east and west (Pl. V) are of a very dif* ferent type and should be described rather as square plinths beneath the columns. The west plinth (Fig. 26) has two be* velled joints, on top the edge is now rounded, but was per* haps once bevelled tlrere as well, with furrows cut in the corners, as a kind of corner leaf, as is used in other contem* porary Danish brick churches. Above the plintir the column has a low base consisting of a projecting round edged joint with an astragal above. The profiles of the plinth and the base