CONCRETE CYLINDERS.
no place have they been practised so extensively or developed to such a
degree as in the foundation for the quay walls of the River Clyde. From
the elementary series of single cylinders has been developed a dual, and,
finally, a triple form shown
in figs. 121 and 122, and —«__’røJ^W^WTO
described in the following
extract from a paper on
“Clyde Navigation” by the
late Mr. James Deas, * the
information being revised
and supplemented to date by
the courtesy of Mr. Archibald
Hamilton :—
“ The cylinders for carry-
ing the quay walls are triple,
9 feet 7J inches outside and
5 feet 9| inches inside dia-
meter. They are made in
rings 2 feet 6 inches deep
by 1 foot 11 inches thick, in
movable wooden moulds on a
platform. The concrete con-
sisted of 5 of gravel or broken
stones and sharp sand to 1
of Portland cement of the
strongest description, mixed
together by steam power in
mixers designed for the pur-
pose, water being added to
bring the mass into a plastic
state. To facilitate lifting,
the rings were divided into
three and four segments, al-
ternately, so as to break bond
when built into the cylinders.
The division was effected in a
simple manner: malleable-iron
dividing plates, g inch thick,
were placed radially across
the empty wooden moulds in
the position required ; the
concrete was then filled in and
well punned with hammers,
Figs. 119 and 120. —Quay Wall at Cork.
weighing 25 Ibs., so as to secure homogeneity and a smooth surface. Twelve
* Min. Proc. I. Mech. E., 1895.