548 DOCK ENGINEERING.
above the quay. Hooked mooring posts and bollards, however, are the
more general and satisfactory arrangement. These posts (figs. 567 and 568)
are either of cast iron or steel, and, ocoasionally, of stone or wood. Hollow
castings are undoubtedly the best, being strongest, most durable and com-
pact, and comparatively light.
Mushrooms (fig. 569) are small, horizontal, single sheaves, placed so as
to act as convenient leads for ropes and warps to capstans.
Dock Appliances at Hamburg.
The following is a list of varions lifting apparatus in use at the port of
Hamburg in November, 1901 : —
A. Quay Cranes (all fixed)—
1 steam and hand crane, . . . 12,500 kilogrammes.* 1 electrical crane, .... 30,000 „ 1 steam crane, ..... 50,000 „ 1 „ 150,000
B. Shed Cranes (some fixed and some movable)— 278 steam cranes, .... 1,500 to 2,500 kilogrammes. 155 hand cranes, . . . . 1,000 to 2,000 „ 101 electrical cranes, . . . 2,500 to 3,000 ,, 27 hydraulic cranes, .... 2,000 „
O. Miscellaneous Appliances— 73 hydraulic winches or jiggers, . . 750 kilogrammes. 36 hydraulic winches, .... 600 „ 25 hand winches,. .... 500 „ 75 „ 750 14 „ 600 39 hydraulic lifts, .... 1,200 „ 3 hand lifts, . .... 500 ,, 2 steam winches, .... 1,000 „
Equipment of the Port of Havre.
The following is a list of the various appliances belonging to the
respective authorities in November, 1901 : —
A. The Docks- Warehouses Company— 4 fixed hydraulic winches, . . . 400 kilogrammes. 10 movable hydraulic winches, . 400 to 900 „ 1 „ electric winch, . . . 150 ,, 8 ,, „ winches, . . 500 „ 1 fixed hand crane, .... 10,000 „ 2 electric grain elevators. 8 „ capstans.
* A kilogramme is 2’205 Ibs. avoir.